In recent decades, monoclonal antibodies have become the most successful class of biotech drugs in the fields of hematology, oncology, autoimmune diseases, and infections. Besides the traditional IgG, IgA might be a great alternative since it recruits different effector cells. Based on years of experience, now Creative Biolabs provides professional IgA production and purification services for our universal customers.
Introduction of IgA Antibody
In humans, IgA presents the most abundant antibody class at mucosal surfaces and the second prevalent antibody in serum. Human serum contains mostly monomeric IgA and constitutes 15-20% of the whole immunoglobulins, while IgA exists in a dimeric and secretory form at mucosal surfaces. Similar to the IgG antibody, IgA monomer contains two heavy chains and two light chains (κ or λ), which together form the constant and variable regions of IgA. IgA antibody acts as the first line of humoral immune at mucosal surfaces with two subclasses IgA1 and IgA2. The ratio of IgA1: IgA2 is approximately 9:1 in human serum. IgA1 is the predominant isotype in plasma that contains a 13 amino acid hinge region that enables it to have a more extended reach.
Despite the fact that IgG is the classical isoform for all available cancer therapies, IgA presents great advantages as a therapeutic agent. Firstly, monomeric IgA is more effective than IgG for the recruit of polymorphonuclear neutrophils, which are the most abundant effector cell population in humans for antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity against tumor cells. Secondly, the dimeric IgA enhances its signaling capacity on tumor cells and allows transportation into mucosal secretions, resulting in the targeting improvement in certain tumors.
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